Kolektívne práva a povinnosti poddaných Zvolenského panstva (listiny Ľudovíta I. a Žigmunda a ich konfirmácie)

PAVOL MALINIAK
Katedra histórie, Filozofická fakulta, Univerzita Mateja Bela
v Banskej Bystrici

Group rights and obligations of subjects of the Zvolen estate (charters issued by Louis I. and Sigismund and their confirmations)

Abstract: In the seat of the Austrian State Archives in Vienna, a simple transcrip-tion of medieval charters had been preserved in the material from 1543 in a fund traditionally called Hungarica. The series of charters brings new knowledge about the legal, economic and social status of the subjects of the royal estate in Zvolen. To our knowledge, the charters had not yet been known. The Hungarian king Louis I. of Anjou issued the oldest one in 1360. He had exempted gamekeepers from the villages of Badín, Hájniky and Rybáre (part of the village of Sliač nowa-days) from paying the lucrum camerae tax. In 1410, king Sigismund of Luxem-bourg issued another charter at the request of subjects from the villages of Badín, Veľká Lúka, Rybáre, Hájniky, Kováčová, Tŕnie and Trebuľa (seclusion near the village of Kováčová). The king had confirmed their freedoms they had been fol-lowing during the reign of his predecessor Louis I. Moreover, the document had also specified how much the subjects should pay in kind. A true analogy is anoth-er charter of king Sigismund, issued in 1410 for the subjects of the adjacent castle Vígľaš. At the request of the specifically named subjects of the Zvolen castle, both charters from the years 1360 and 1410 were confirmed in 1457 by king Ladislaus the Posthumous and subsequently in 1465 by king Matthias Corvinus. Another charters from the years 1457 and 1465 created a parallel to them, addressed by kings to the subjects as freemen from the villages of Hájniky and Rybáre. The last document is a transcription (transumpt) of the charter of Matthias Corvinus. The transcription was issued in 1543 at the request of subjects from the monastery in Hronský Beňadik. All charters stated above are published unabridged and pro-vide suggestions for further research.

Keywords: rights and obligations of subjects, royal gamekeepers, castle estate of Zvolen, transcriptions of medieval charters.